Sweet
Addiction - Artificial Sweeteners Not So Sweet After All
Sugar substitutes were
first developed in the 1950's when a clinic director worked to develop a
sugar-free diet for patients suffering from diabetes and other chronic
conditions. The industry took off, and today diet sodas and sugar substitutes
make up a huge part of the market. The idea that sugar substitutes are healthy
alternatives is rooted in the American psyche, no matter the evidence to the
contrary. Worse yet, the prevalence of artificial sweeteners, corn syrup and
refined sugars in the majority of American foods have created a country of
sweet-addicts.
We are wired to crave
some sweetness in our foods, especially during the winter and in
childhood. This craving was meant to drive us to take in healthy
carbohydrates in the form of naturally sweet plant foods. Due to the
extravagant amount of sweeteners in the majority of our foods and their extreme
levels, many of us can no longer detect natural sweetness in healthy plant
foods. We're not wired to handle this exorbitant amount of sweetness. This
excess triggers unhealthy food cravings and addiction.
The craving children have
for natural sweetness (for growth and development) would normally wane in
adolescence. Instead, this waning is defeated by sweet addiction. When we
eat refined sugar or artificial sweeteners, our brains believe that we're
getting nutrients we need. Instead, we don't get any real nutrients, so
appetite and food cravings are re-triggered. Our bodies aren't looking for
more sweetness necessarily-they're looking for real food! Furthermore,
when we take in these low-nutrient foods and drinks, we have less room for the
good stuff.
Diet Sodas and Drinks
Diet soda has been linked to kidney damage and diet sodas and sweetened water
beverages are linked to weight gain!
At the University of Texas, diet-soda drinkers prove to be heavier than
non-diet soda drinkers. Lead researcher Sharon Fowler says, "There
was a 41% increase in risk of being overweight for every can or bottle of diet
soft drink a person consumes each day."
Purdue University
scientists have found that in a rat study, artificial sweeteners increased
caloric intake, body weight and body fat percentage.
And
addiction? Cocaine-addicted rats choose saccharin-sweetened water above
and beyond cocaine-doses, even when the researchers upped the drug levels!
Sweetened food and drink
actually changes the taste buds, creating cravings for more sweetened foods.
One study looked at brain activity in women that ingested water sweetened with
sugar and that sweetened with sucralose (what you might recognize as Splenda).
Both sweeteners activated
pleasure centers in the brain, but sucralose didn't produce as much
satiation. The craving wasn't really satisfying and so triggered increased
cravings for more sweet stuff.
The nutrients that many
sweetened waters are said to contain are often present in only the most
minuscule amounts or are in forms that our bodies can't make use
of. Isolated vitamins and minerals don't have the beneficial health
effects that those in whole foods do. It's the whole package-the
combination of protein, lipids, carbohydrates and vitamins and minerals-in
plants that produce positive health effects.
Dangerous Chemicals
The following are some of the most common (and most dangerous) food additives
used today.
Acesulfame K
This brand-new artificial sweetener is 200 times sweeter than
sugar. Little research has been done yet but early studies have linked it
with certain cancers and thyroid conditions.
Artificial Flavoring
Artificial flavoring can mean that a food or beverage contains any one of 3,000
allowable chemicals, many of which have negative health effects.
Aspartame (Equal, Nutrasweet)
Aspartame is 180 times sweeter than sugar. The FDA file of complaints
concerning aspartame ingestion includes reports of dizziness, headaches and
memory loss. Some studies suggest it is a carcinogen.
Benzene
Benzene is produced by the bottling process of many beverages. It is a noted
carcinogen that has been linked to heart rate issues, infertility and seizures.
Cyclamates
Cyclamates are among the first artificial sweeteners used in diet
drinks. They were once banned by the FDA because of suspicion of their
link to cancer but they are once again up for FDA approval.
Food Coloring
Many food colorings are linked to ADD/ADHD, asthma and cancer. Although
several of these are banned in other countries, the US commonly makes use of
Blue #1 and #2, FD &C colors, Ponceau, Red 2 (Amaranth), Red #3
(Erythrosine), Red #40 (Allura Red), Tartrazine, Yellow #2G, Yellow #6 (Sunset
Yellow), Yellow #23 (Acid Yellow).
Saccharin (Sweet n' Low)
Saccharin is 300 times sweeter than sugar. The public stopped purchasing
products made with the sweetener when they learned of it's possible link to
cancer. Studies didn't 'prove' this link, so it is once again common in
many artificially-sweetened foods. Saccharin is linked, however, to
addiction to sweetness, obesity and overeating.
Sucralose (Splenda)
Sucralose is 600 times sweeter than table sugar. Sucralose was an accidental
discovery: it was originally part of a new insecticide compound. Chlorinated
compounds such as sucralose were thought to pass through the body
undigested. Recent research has found that up to 40% of chlorinated
compounds become stockpiled in the intestinal tract, kidneys and
liver. Chlorine has been classified as a carcinogen.
Reversing the Addiction
We can reverse our addiction to unhealthy sweeteners and restore our ability to
taste the natural sweetness in whole foods over time. It will seem
difficult at first, but I can't encourage you more strongly to put down the
diet sodas and the colored sweetener packets! These chemicals are foreign to
our bodies and will not help you achieve any of your health goals.
Replace artificial
sweeteners (and refined sugars, high fructose corn syrup, etc.) with natural
sweeteners like stevia, xylitol and small amounts of agave nectar or raw honey.
Stevia is my personal favorite, as it is a no calorie, natural sweetener from
the stevia plant. You will want to make sure you use a high quality brand that
has not been overly processed. Stevia is also a great option for people dealing
with diabetes, as it will not spike your blood sugar levels.
In the long run, your best bet is to use very little of even these natural
sweeteners so that your body's cravings, food triggers and metabolism are
restored to healthy functioning.